Tradition since 1934
Production at the site of the former Šamot Darosava plant.
Materials for high temperatures
A refractory material for every lining position
From ZVEZDA® castables and PORIT® insulation to ŠAMOT® and VA bricks, K gunning mixes, C coatings and PLASTIK ramming mixes — browse the range by temperature, type and system position.
What are refractory materials?
Refractory materials are bricks, castables, mortars and special mixes that retain function at high temperature. The Volcano catalogue covers ZVEZDA® castables up to 1,700 °C, OPAL® insulation, PORIT® and ŠAMOT® bricks, K gunning mixes, C patching materials, mortars, cements and PLASTIK ramming mixes. Selection must follow the lining position and complete duty, not only the maximum temperature.
7 material groups
Bricks, castables, insulation, gunning, repair, mortars and ramming mixes.
Controlled quality
Defined incoming and outgoing checks with external IMS Institute validation.
Volcano technical navigator
Find a material by type, temperature and position
An engineering view of the range: from hot-face linings to insulation, joints and maintenance.
31selected grades 2.000 °Chighest catalogue value 7material groups
POSITION IN THE SYSTEM
A lining works as a system, not as a single product
From the process side outward, the refractory hot-face lining is followed by a refractory safety layer. One, two or three insulation layers are then selected by thermal calculation, with the steel shell on the cold face.
LINING THERMAL SCANNER ACTIVE · 01/06
PROCESS · HOT SIDECOLD SIDE
1.600 °Cprocess
01
Refractory hot-face liningTakes direct thermal, chemical and mechanical process duty.
The number, grade and thickness of insulation layers are set by thermal calculation.
ZVEZDA® · gusti beton
ZVEZDA®-4
Conventional hydraulically bonded aluminosilicate castable for monolithic sections and local repairs at moderate temperatures; position-specific selection must consider abrasion, atmosphere and heat-up regime.
- Service limit
- 1200 °C
- Catalogue maximum
- 1250 °C
- Density
- 1,80 t/m³
- Grain size
- 0–6 mm
- Installation
- Casting and vibration
Engineering data
- Classification
- Dense hydraulically bonded castable
- Confirm in TDS
- water addition · consistency · CCS · PLC · dry-out schedule
Hot-face lining Data sheet
ZVEZDA® · gusti beton
ZVEZDA®-5
Dense hydraulically bonded castable for general industrial hot-face linings; the final specification must define mixing water, consolidation, curing and initial heat-up.
- Service limit
- 1250 °C
- Catalogue maximum
- 1300 °C
- Density
- 1,80 t/m³
- Grain size
- 0–6 mm
- Installation
- Casting and vibration
Engineering data
- Classification
- Dense hydraulically bonded castable
- Confirm in TDS
- water addition · consistency · CCS · PLC · dry-out schedule
Hot-face lining Data sheet
ZVEZDA® · gusti beton
ZVEZDA®-6
Aluminosilicate castable for medium-temperature hot-face duty, subject to verification against the prevailing chemical and mechanical wear mechanism.
- Service limit
- 1300 °C
- Catalogue maximum
- 1350 °C
- Density
- 1,90 t/m³
- Grain size
- 0–6 mm
- Installation
- Casting and vibration
Engineering data
- Classification
- Dense hydraulically bonded castable
- Confirm in TDS
- water addition · consistency · CCS · PLC · dry-out schedule
Hot-face lining Data sheet
ZVEZDA® · gusti beton
ZVEZDA®-7
Dense higher-temperature monolithic castable for industrial linings exposed to combined thermal and mechanical loading.
- Service limit
- 1440 °C
- Catalogue maximum
- 1550 °C
- Density
- 1,90 t/m³
- Grain size
- 0–6 mm
- Installation
- Casting and vibration
Engineering data
- Classification
- Dense hydraulically bonded castable
- Confirm in TDS
- water addition · consistency · CCS · PLC · dry-out schedule
Hot-face lining Data sheet
ZVEZDA® · gusti beton
ZVEZDA®-8
Dense refractory castable for high-temperature hot-face linings; suitability must be confirmed against the corrosive medium, thermal cycling and anchoring geometry.
- Service limit
- 1500 °C
- Catalogue maximum
- 1600 °C
- Density
- 2,45 t/m³
- Grain size
- 0–6 mm
- Installation
- Casting and vibration
Engineering data
- Classification
- Dense hydraulically bonded castable
- Confirm in TDS
- water addition · consistency · CCS · PLC · dry-out schedule
Hot-face lining Data sheet
ZVEZDA® · gusti beton
ZVEZDA®-10
High-density castable for heavily loaded monolithic sections within the documented temperature range; design must address expansion joints, anchoring and controlled dry-out.
- Service limit
- 1600 °C
- Catalogue maximum
- 1700 °C
- Density
- 2,85 t/m³
- Grain size
- 0–6 mm
- Installation
- Casting and vibration
Engineering data
- Classification
- Dense hydraulically bonded castable
- Confirm in TDS
- water addition · consistency · CCS · PLC · dry-out schedule
Hot-face lining Data sheet
ZVEZDA® · fini gusti beton
ZVEZDA®-13
Fine-grained grade for geometrically restricted and thinner monolithic sections; minimum thickness and consolidation method are defined by the position-specific instruction.
- Service limit
- 1600 °C
- Catalogue maximum
- 1700 °C
- Density
- 2,85 t/m³
- Grain size
- 0–1 mm
- Installation
- Casting and vibration
Engineering data
- Classification
- Dense hydraulically bonded castable
- Confirm in TDS
- water addition · consistency · CCS · PLC · dry-out schedule
Hot-face lining Data sheet
ZVEZDA® · gusti beton
ZVEZDA®-15
Highest documented temperature grade in the ZVEZDA range; selection cannot be based on temperature alone and must consider chemistry, loading and the expected failure mechanism.
- Service limit
- 1650 °C
- Catalogue maximum
- 1700 °C
- Density
- 2,85 t/m³
- Grain size
- 0–6 mm
- Installation
- Casting and vibration
Engineering data
- Classification
- Dense hydraulically bonded castable
- Confirm in TDS
- water addition · consistency · CCS · PLC · dry-out schedule
Hot-face lining Data sheet
OPAL® · izolacioni beton
OPAL®-AS
Lightweight hydraulically bonded insulating castable for cooler backup layers and reduced heat storage; thermal design must use TDS λ(T) and installed density.
- Service limit
- 700 °C
- Catalogue maximum
- 1050 °C
- Density
- 0,60 t/m³
- Grain size
- 0–6 mm
- Installation
- Insulating-layer casting
Engineering data
- Classification
- Lightweight insulating hydraulic castable
- Confirm in TDS
- installed density · λ(T) · shrinkage · dry-out
Insulation layer Data sheet
OPAL® · izolacioni beton
OPAL®-BS
Lightweight monolithic insulation for complex geometries and continuous backup linings; it is not an automatic substitute for insulating brick without a thermal calculation.
- Service limit
- 900 °C
- Catalogue maximum
- 1100 °C
- Density
- 0,70 t/m³
- Grain size
- 0–6 mm
- Installation
- Insulating-layer casting
Engineering data
- Classification
- Lightweight insulating hydraulic castable
- Confirm in TDS
- installed density · λ(T) · shrinkage · dry-out
Insulation layer Data sheet
OPAL® · izolacioni beton
OPAL®-DS
Higher-density insulating castable for backup layers requiring improved mechanical stability while controlling heat flow.
- Service limit
- 1100 °C
- Catalogue maximum
- 1200 °C
- Density
- 1,40 t/m³
- Grain size
- 0–6 mm
- Installation
- Insulating-layer casting
Engineering data
- Classification
- Lightweight insulating hydraulic castable
- Confirm in TDS
- installed density · λ(T) · shrinkage · dry-out
Insulation layer Data sheet
OPAL® · izolacioni beton
OPAL®-GS
Highest documented temperature grade in the OPAL range for insulating and backup monolithic layers; operating temperature must be checked across the complete lining profile.
- Service limit
- 1150 °C
- Catalogue maximum
- 1250 °C
- Density
- 1,50 t/m³
- Grain size
- 0–6 mm
- Installation
- Insulating-layer casting
Engineering data
- Classification
- Lightweight insulating hydraulic castable
- Confirm in TDS
- installed density · λ(T) · shrinkage · dry-out
Insulation layer Data sheet
K · torkret masa
K-1
Fine-grained gunning mix for local corrective work; repair quality depends on substrate preparation, nozzle water and rebound control.
- Service limit
- 1200 °C
- Catalogue maximum
- 1350 °C
- Density
- 1,70 t/m³
- Grain size
- 0–0,5 mm
- Installation
- Gunning application
Engineering data
- Classification
- Pneumatically installed gunning mix
- Confirm in TDS
- nozzle water · rebound · density · CCS · PLC
Maintenance and repair Data sheet
K · torkret masa
K-2
Hydraulically bonded fine gunning mix for rapid repairs, with mandatory definition of layer thickness, curing and return-to-service schedule.
- Service limit
- 1250 °C
- Catalogue maximum
- 1400 °C
- Density
- 1,70 t/m³
- Grain size
- 0–0,5 mm
- Installation
- Gunning application
Engineering data
- Classification
- Pneumatically installed gunning mix
- Confirm in TDS
- nozzle water · rebound · density · CCS · PLC
Maintenance and repair Data sheet
K · torkret masa
K-3
Gunning mix for soaking-pit repairs, including the archived hot-repair application; installation procedure and operator protection require a dedicated method statement.
- Service limit
- 1500 °C
- Catalogue maximum
- 1600 °C
- Density
- 2,20 t/m³
- Grain size
- 0–6 mm
- Installation
- Gunning application
Engineering data
- Classification
- Pneumatically installed gunning mix
- Confirm in TDS
- nozzle water · rebound · density · CCS · PLC
Maintenance and repair Data sheet
K · torkret masa
K-4
Fine-grained mix for corrective gunning of coke-oven refractory positions; compatibility with the existing lining must be confirmed before application.
- Service limit
- 1200 °C
- Catalogue maximum
- 1300 °C
- Density
- 1,80 t/m³
- Grain size
- 0–1 mm
- Installation
- Gunning application
Engineering data
- Classification
- Pneumatically installed gunning mix
- Confirm in TDS
- nozzle water · rebound · density · CCS · PLC
Maintenance and repair Data sheet
K · polusuva torkret masa
K-5
Semi-dry gunning mix for cupola-furnace positions; grain distribution, feed rate, nozzle water and achieved density must be controlled during installation.
- Service limit
- 1500 °C
- Catalogue maximum
- 1650 °C
- Density
- 2,20 t/m³
- Grain size
- 0–6 mm
- Installation
- Gunning application
Engineering data
- Classification
- Pneumatically installed gunning mix
- Confirm in TDS
- nozzle water · rebound · density · CCS · PLC
Maintenance and repair Data sheet
C · reparaturna masa
C-1
Fine-grained repair mix for patching cupola-furnace hot zones; substrate condition, working thickness and initial heat-up must be specified for each intervention.
- Service limit
- 1450 °C
- Catalogue maximum
- 1550 °C
- Grain size
- 0–1 mm
- Installation
- Hand placement / coating
Engineering data
- Classification
- Repair mix / functional coating
- Confirm in TDS
- substrate preparation · thickness · adhesion · operating regime
Maintenance and repair Data sheet
C · reparaturna masa
C-4
Repair mix for gas- and liquid-fuel combustion chambers, subject to assessment of flame impact, atmosphere, thermal gradients and the existing lining.
- Service limit
- 1500 °C
- Catalogue maximum
- 1600 °C
- Grain size
- 0–1 mm
- Installation
- Hand placement / coating
Engineering data
- Classification
- Repair mix / functional coating
- Confirm in TDS
- substrate preparation · thickness · adhesion · operating regime
Maintenance and repair Data sheet
C · funkcionalni premaz
C-7
Fine functional coating for heating-element supports according to the archived application; substrate preparation, coating thickness and electrical/thermal compatibility require position-specific confirmation.
- Service limit
- 1800 °C
- Catalogue maximum
- 2000 °C
- Grain size
- 0–0,2 mm
- Installation
- Hand placement / coating
Engineering data
- Classification
- Repair mix / functional coating
- Confirm in TDS
- substrate preparation · thickness · adhesion · operating regime
Maintenance and repair Data sheet
Alumosilikatni malter
BT-1
Aluminosilicate mortar for thin-joint masonry using compatible fireclay and high-alumina grades; chemistry, bond and joint thickness must match the brick.
- Service limit
- 1400 °C
- Catalogue maximum
- 1500 °C
- Grain size
- 0–1 mm
- Al₂O₃
- 60%
- Installation
- Masonry jointing
Engineering data
- Classification
- Refractory mortar for thin joints
- Confirm in TDS
- bond type · grain size · joint thickness · brick compatibility
Joints and seams Data sheet
Hemijski vezani malter
KB-SPECIJAL
Chemically bonded aluminosilicate mortar for demanding joints; preparation, working time, joint thickness and initial heat-up must follow the current instruction.
- Service limit
- 1450 °C
- Catalogue maximum
- 1550 °C
- Grain size
- 0–1 mm
- Al₂O₃
- 50%
- Installation
- Masonry jointing
Engineering data
- Classification
- Refractory mortar for thin joints
- Confirm in TDS
- bond type · grain size · joint thickness · brick compatibility
Joints and seams Data sheet
PLASTIK · nabojna masa
PLASTIK-90
High-alumina chemically bonded plastic mix for rammed high-temperature hot-face sections; performance depends on compaction, construction-joint layout and initial heat-up.
- Service limit
- 1700 °C
- Catalogue maximum
- 1800 °C
- Density
- 3,00 t/m³
- Grain size
- 0–6 mm
- Al₂O₃
- 90%
- Installation
- Ramming installation
Engineering data
- Classification
- Chemically bonded plastic ramming mix
- Confirm in TDS
- installation method · installed density · joints · heat-up
Hot-face lining Data sheet
PLASTIK · nabojna masa
PLASTIK-VA
Chemically bonded plastic ramming mix for archived applications in induction furnaces and non-ferrous metallurgy; compatibility with metal, slag and atmosphere must be confirmed for the process.
- Service limit
- 1500 °C
- Catalogue maximum
- 1600 °C
- Density
- 2,40 t/m³
- Grain size
- 0–4 mm
- Al₂O₃
- 60%
- Installation
- Ramming installation
Engineering data
- Classification
- Chemically bonded plastic ramming mix
- Confirm in TDS
- installation method · installed density · joints · heat-up
Hot-face lining Data sheet
PORIT® · izolaciona opeka
PORIT® 8-135
Insulating firebrick for backup layers; thickness selection is based on heat-flow calculation, allowable shell temperature and layer loading.
- Service limit
- 1350 °C
- Density
- 0,80–0,85 g/cm³
- Al₂O₃
- 18–20%
- Installation
- Masonry / dry setting
Engineering data
- Classification
- Shaped refractory product
- Confirm in TDS
- chemistry · porosity · CCS · RUL/PCE · shape and tolerances
Insulation layer Data sheet
PORIT® · izolaciona opeka
PORIT® 10-150
High-alumina insulating firebrick for higher-temperature backup layers; λ(T), shrinkage and compressive loading must be checked for the design lining profile.
- Service limit
- 1550 °C
- Density
- 1,20–1,25 g/cm³
- Al₂O₃
- 58–60%
- Installation
- Masonry / dry setting
Engineering data
- Classification
- Shaped refractory product
- Confirm in TDS
- chemistry · porosity · CCS · RUL/PCE · shape and tolerances
Insulation layer Data sheet
SA · šamotna opeka
SA-0
Dense aluminosilicate fireclay brick for hot-face and structural positions in thermal units; the grade is specified by chemistry, porosity, CCS, refractoriness under load and shape.
- Service limit
- 1420 °C
- Density
- 2,10–2,12 g/cm³
- Al₂O₃
- 42%
- Installation
- Masonry / dry setting
Engineering data
- Classification
- Shaped refractory product
- Confirm in TDS
- chemistry · porosity · CCS · RUL/PCE · shape and tolerances
Hot-face lining Data sheet
SA · šamotna opeka
SA-3
Fireclay brick for position-specific furnace, boiler and ceramic-unit linings; temperature designation does not replace assessment of atmosphere, abrasion and thermal cycling.
- Service limit
- 1360 °C
- Density
- 2,05–2,07 g/cm³
- Al₂O₃
- 32%
- Installation
- Masonry / dry setting
Engineering data
- Classification
- Shaped refractory product
- Confirm in TDS
- chemistry · porosity · CCS · RUL/PCE · shape and tolerances
Hot-face lining Data sheet
SKO · kiselootporna opeka
SKO-D
Dense acid-resistant brick for flue ducts, industrial stacks and chemical-service positions; resistance must be confirmed for the specific medium, concentration, temperature and jointing system.
- Service limit
- 1400 °C
- Density
- 2,15–2,17 g/cm³
- Al₂O₃
- 29–31%
- Installation
- Masonry / dry setting
Engineering data
- Classification
- Shaped refractory product
- Confirm in TDS
- chemistry · porosity · CCS · RUL/PCE · shape and tolerances
Hot-face lining Data sheet
VA · visokoaluminozna opeka
VA-60
Dense high-alumina brick for position-specific linings in metallurgy, cement, ceramics and glass; selection must account for slag, atmosphere and thermomechanical loading.
- Service limit
- 1550 °C
- Density
- 2,48–2,52 g/cm³
- Al₂O₃
- 59–61%
- Installation
- Masonry / dry setting
Engineering data
- Classification
- Shaped refractory product
- Confirm in TDS
- chemistry · porosity · CCS · RUL/PCE · shape and tolerances
Hot-face lining Data sheet
VA · visokoaluminozna opeka
VA-70B
Higher-temperature high-alumina brick for hot-face linings; the specification must include porosity, CCS, RUL/PCE, tolerances and a compatible mortar.
- Service limit
- 1600 °C
- Density
- 2,52–2,54 g/cm³
- Al₂O₃
- 69–71%
- Installation
- Masonry / dry setting
Engineering data
- Classification
- Shaped refractory product
- Confirm in TDS
- chemistry · porosity · CCS · RUL/PCE · shape and tolerances
Hot-face lining Data sheet
No grades match the selected filters. Change the temperature or material type.
Specification note: Archived catalogue values are consolidated in catalogue Rev 02/2026. They are not guaranteed design values: final product class and grade selection, availability and the current TDS/DoP are confirmed against the position and operating conditions.
Which refractory material fits your application?
The answer depends on service temperature, chemical and mechanical load, working or backup position, thermal cycling and installation method.
- firebricks for stove and furnace combustion chambers
- plates and blocks for backup linings
- refractory castables and precast monolithic elements
- diatomite insulation bricks behind the working lining
- Emisshield coatings for emissivity and energy efficiency
Unfired products with a CAC binder
Pre-fired chamotte aggregate is bonded with calcium-aluminate cement. Products are pressed with low moisture, cured and dried without conventional high-temperature firing at the plant; a ceramic bond develops during heating in service.
- avoids production sintering at 1,200–1,300 °C
- applications in combustion chambers and backup or insulation positions
- product development for specific geometry and operating conditions
Custom precast refractory blocks
We manufacture precast refractory blocks and assemblies to an approved drawing, dimensions and actual service conditions. The process covers mix selection, mould development, casting and vibration, controlled curing and drying, and dimensional checks before dispatch.
- individual blocks, segments and repeatable production shapes
- custom geometry, openings, channels and installation details
- inserts and anchors where defined by the approved specification
- delivery of elements prepared for the planned installation
Fireclay brick for stoves, ovens and domestic heating appliances
We offer manufacture, delivery and agreed installation of refractory fireclay brick for domestic combustion chambers. Standard or custom shapes are selected to suit chamber dimensions, temperature, fuel and masonry method, with a compatible refractory mortar.
- wood and solid-fuel stoves and ovens
- fireplaces, masonry heaters and domestic baking ovens
- boilers and other household heating appliances with refractory chambers
- replacement of damaged bricks, chamber repair, delivery and installation by agreement
From raw material to a verifiable product
Quality is monitored through raw-material granulometry, moisture and certificates, and finished-product dimensions, mass, strength, porosity, density, refractoriness and thermal-shock resistance.
- ISO 10059-1:2025 — cold compressive strength
- ISO 5017:2025 — bulk density and porosity of dense shaped products
- relevant EN/ISO methods according to product type and agreed specification
A straightforward process
How we define a specification
- 01
Operating conditions
Temperature, fuel/process, lining position and heating cycle.
- 02
Geometry
Dimensions, drawing or photos of the lining, chamber or element.
- 03
Program proposal
We select the relevant P1–P4 program and define the next technical step.
A faster technical response
Information for a technical enquiry
For a more precise answer, send as much of the following as possible:
FAQ
Refractory material questions
Clear answers to the questions customers ask most often.
What is the difference between a firebrick and a refractory castable?
A firebrick is a shaped product of defined dimensions. A refractory castable is installed as a monolithic mass or used to manufacture precast shapes. Geometry, installation, temperature and load determine the choice.
Is the material with the highest temperature rating always best?
No. Thermal cycling, chemical environment, abrasion, mechanical load, lining position and compatibility with adjacent layers are also important.
Where are unfired CAC-bonded products used?
They are intended for combustion-chamber working linings and backup or insulation positions according to the specific design. This program is not intended for direct contact with molten metal.
Can you assess an element from a drawing or sample?
Send the drawing, dimensions, operating temperature and application. We can then assess the relevant program and identify any additional validation needed.
Do you supply and install fireclay brick in domestic combustion chambers?
Yes. We can offer standard or custom shapes, delivery and agreed installation or local repair. Photos, dimensions, appliance and fuel type and the site location are needed for the initial assessment.
Need a refractory material for a specific temperature and duty?
Send a drawing, photo or operating description. You will receive a technically focused answer, not a generic quote.
Request a specification